Question 1
Max Weber enumerated a number of factors that he projected to cause the rise of bureaucracy in the Western societies. These factors include the increase in the area of administration and the number of people to be administered, the rising intricacy of the administrative process, and the emergence of a monetary economy. In the face of these factors, procedures and styles of administration had to change to deliver an efficient system that would see to the success of the organizations. France, for instance, needed to abandon the inefficient tax farming system, thereby enabling the Exchequer to control the system of government spending and tax revenue effectively. There was a need to develop both the requisite transportation and communication systems to facilitate management. Democratization and culture rationalization also created the need for a system that would treat everyone equally. On that note, industrialization is considered the major force behind bureaucratization. In the industrial revolution era, the Western societies were driven by an exchange of large amounts of rational notions, especially with respect to management that would gradually induce bureaucracy into the society. At the time, the authorities, mostly comprising of the government institutions, needed to manage the society that was constantly growing complex, hence the emergence and rise of a bureaucratic management style.
Question 2