Background
Today, the world is confronted by the most challenging problem ever, Global warming. Global warming is now a reality and its impact are already being felt across the global (Leroux,2006). Take climate change for example. Over the recent years, the whole world has experience drastic and dangerous climate change ever which has been caused by global warming (Myers, Maibach, Roser-Renouf, Akerlof & Leiserowitz, 2013). For example, Sea level is increasing everywhere putting people at risk of flooding and hurricane. Summer temperature have become hotter and prolonged leading to drier forest which in turn increases the chances of wildfires. Weather has also become dangerous hot, leading to destruction of forest and as well as cause famine and drought especially in countries that relies on agriculture (Linden, 2006). In addition, due to global warming, the air has become so polluted putting public health at risk of diseases such as cancer, asthma among others (Neidell, 2004). There is agreement among all scientists and environmentalist that the leading causes of global warming is carbon emission. Therefore, to address the threats posed by global warming, solution to the problem of carbon emission is much needed globally. Although good solutions such as encouraging use of renewable energy among others have been suggested and implemented, they have not be able to address the problem of carbon emission in a large scale (Dincer,2000). A lot carbon is still being emitted to the environment by vehicles, industries and other human behaviours. Unless drastic measure is take, more carbon will still be emitted into the environment because, as of today, it absolutely free to pollute.